| Trend | Action |
|---|---|
| Shift from theoretical to applied ethics | Practice case study solving with stakeholder lens |
| Quote-based and theme-centric questions | Build 50+ theme-based micro-notes |
| UPSC expects practical judgment + honesty | Avoid idealistic extremes; give balanced solutions |
| Ethics overlaps with real-life governance issues | Use ARC, Lokpal cases, SC verdicts, RTI examples |
| Area | Enrichment |
|---|---|
| Ethics & Human Interface | Examples from Gandhi, Vivekananda, Kalam, APJ |
| Attitude, Aptitude, Foundational Values | Link to civil services scenarios (Empathy in administration) |
| Emotional Intelligence | Use TISS, WHO frameworks |
| Moral Thinkers | Socrates, Kant, Gandhi, Rawls, JS Mill – with 1 quote & 1 anecdote each |
| Public Service Values | Integrity, objectivity, non-partisanship – Use ARC, Civil Services Conduct Rules examples |
| Approach | Technique |
|---|---|
| Stakeholder Mapping | Use flowcharts – interests, conflicts, dilemmas |
| 5-Step Framework | Facts → Ethical Issues → Stakeholders → Options → Conclusion |
| Answer Enrichment | Use laws (RTI, Lokpal), real-life IAS/IPS examples, policy lens |
| Conclusion Style | Constitution + Values + Feasible Action Plan |
| Resource | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Lexicon / Subbarao | Base book |
| ARC Reports | Real-world application |
| DHI Ethics Workbook | Daily examples + 50 model cases |
| The Hindu + PIB | Real dilemmas, RTI/Lokpal/SC examples |
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