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GM crops will make edible oil cheaper: govt

Why in News-In submission before Supreme Court, Centre says GM oil has been used in India for decades nowand growing oil seeds indigenously will help reduce prices; petitioners submit that regulatory system under Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee is riddled with conflict of interest

The Supreme Court on Thursday said it only wanted what was good for India even as the government argued that 

Government Perspective

  • growing genetically modified (GM) crops such as mustard would make quality edible oil cheaper for the common man and benefit the national interest by reducing foreign dependence.
  • “Mustard is the most used edible oil. GM oil has been used in India for decades now… 
  • we are trying to do is make edible oil cheaper for the common man by growing oil seeds indigenously.
  • 50% to 60% of edible oil is imported
  • India gaining food security and reducing foreign dependence.
  • Increasing demand Economic and Statistics of the Department of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare to prove an increasing demand for edible oil with a burgeoning population. 
  • The government said the total edible oil demand of India was 24.6 million tonnes (2020­-21) with domestic availability of 11.1 million tonnes (2020-­21). 
  • In 2020­-21, 13.45 million tonnes (54%) of the total edible oil demand was met through imports estimated at about ₹1,15,000 crores,which included 
    • palm oil (57%), 
    • soybean oil (22%),
    • sunflower oil (15%) and a
    • small quantity of canola quality mustard oil. 
  • In 2022­-23, 155.33 lakh tonnes (55.76%) of the total edible oil demand was met through import.
  • PIL petitioners had highlighted environmental damage allegedly caused by the open field testing of GM crops, the court had to consider the government’s duty to take care of the 
  • people’s right to food. “Edible oil is a daily food commodity used in the country. 
  • The PIL petitioners are depending on some half-baked study done 14 years ago to raise concern about environmental damage
  • The court should look at the fundamental right of people to access basic food consumed every day at a cheaper price,” 
  • Dhara Mustard Hybrid­11 (DMH­11), a genetically engineered variant of mustard. “But DMH 11 has shown increased yield per hectare of 25% to 30%… 
  • In India, annual economic losses of crops due to weeds is 11 billion USD, I e, ₹1 lakh crore. The annual value of herbicide currently used in India is ₹4,500 crores,” 
  • the regulatory system under the Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC), which cleared the environmental release of DMH­11, India hosted 5,477 varieties of mustard, which would be at risk by the GM variety.
  •  India imported about 55,000 tonnes of Canola oil largely from GM canola seeds
  • Similarly, nearly 2.8 lakh tonnes of soybean oil is imported annually
  • Most exporting countries such as Argentina, the U.S., Brazil, and Canada cultivate GM soybean
  • Globally around 80% of soybean growing is GM soybean.
PYQ – 2018

Q.With reference to the Genetically Modified mustard (GM mustard) developed in India, consider the following statements:

1. GM mustard has the genes of a soil bacterium that given the plant the property of pest-resistance to a wide variety of pests.
2. GM mustard has the genes that allow the plant cross-pollination and hybridization.
3. GM mustard has been developed jointly by the IARI and Punjab Agricultural University.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A.1 and 3
B.only2
C.only2 and 3
D.only1, 2 and 3

Ans- B.only 2

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GM crops will make edible oil cheaper: govt

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